[posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit] Added new post
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title = 'UV-Belichter (LED) aus Marke Eigenbau'
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date = 2025-04-14T08:11:20+02:00
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Ist man eine gewisse Zeit lang in der (Elektronik-)DIY-Szene unterwegs, kommt man irgendwann
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auch um Platinen (gedruckte Leiterplatten/PCBs) nicht herum. Vorteile gegenüber dem manuellen Löten von
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Schaltungen auf Loch- bzw. Streifenrasterplatinen sind vor allem die einfachere Replizierbarkeit (einmal designed
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kann man eine Schaltung theoretisch beliebig oft herstellen) und die Möglichkeit, Platz effizienter zu
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nutzen (eine Platine ist fast immer kleiner als eine gelötete Lochrasterplatine mit der selben Schaltung). Letzendlich
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wirken Geräte mit Platinen aber auch schlicht professioneller. Sicherlich gibt es noch mehr Vorteile (und natürlich
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auch Nachteile!), auf deren Auflistung ich hier allerdings aus Gründen der Einfachheit verzichte.
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Heutzutage kann man (selbst) kreierte Leiterplattendesigns sehr leicht herstellen lassen, bei einschlägigen Angeboten
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aus China zahlt man für eine einfache Platine mit 2 Seiten nicht mehr als 5€. Im Preis allerdings nicht mit inbegriffen
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sind die Versandkosten und die Wartezeit, in der man auf seine Platinen warten muss. Wenn man nicht vorhat, mehrere
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verschiedene Designs im Jahr anzufertigen, oder nur einmalig eine spezielle Platine braucht, ist mit solchen Angeboten gut
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bedient. Braucht man allerdings des öfteren Spezialanfertigungen, kann es (auch bei den chinesischen Angeboten) schnell
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lukrativ erscheinen, sich die Fertigung ins Haus zu holen. Letztlich macht es auch einfach Spaß und gibt einem zumindest
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das Gefühl von ein wenig Unabhängigkeit, seine Platinen selbst herzustellen!
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Nachdem ich also schon länger von eigens hergestellten Platinen träumte, bin ich nun einen Schritt weiter in die Umsetzung
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gegangen. Es gibt verschiedene Möglichkeiten, Leiterplatten selbst herzustellen. Die günstigste Methode ist hierbei
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vermutlich das Belichten eines Platinenrohlings mit photopositiver Beschichtung, und das anschließende Entwickeln und
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schließlich Ätzen der belichteten Stellen. Das Gerät zum Ätzen selbst zu bauen erschien mir zu heikel, hier entschied ich
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mich vorerst für ein gebrauchtes [Ätzgerät 1 von pro-ma](https://gie-tec.de/produkt/aetzgeraete-fuer-platinen/), was mit 50€ sehr günstig war. Was man aber sicher selbst
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bauen kann, ist der **UV-Belichter**. Hier gibt es verschiedene Ansätze, ich möchte hier einfach meinen teilen (siehe z.B.
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[hier](https://www.all4hardware4u.de/platinenherstellung/belichtung/belichtungsgeraet-mit-uv-leds/) oder auch [hier](http://www.fdm-ware.de/UV-Led/) für die Modelle, bei denen ich Inspiration gefunden habe)!
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Jetzt also genug der Vorrede, es folgt das wirklich Wichtige!
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## Das Gehäuse
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Als Gehäuse habe ich einen einfachen Quader aus MDF-Platten mit einem zusätzlichen kleinen Abschnitt vorne gebaut, in dem die
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Steuerelektronik ihren Platz später finden soll.
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{{< figure src="housing-raw-finished.jpg" alt="Dieses Bild würde das fertige Gehäuse mit Acrylglasscheibe und einigen losen Bauteilen zeigen." caption="Das fertige Gehäuse mit Acrlyglas-Scheibe" >}}
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Damit das UV-Licht an die beschichtete Platine kommen kann, muss die Halterung Transparent sein. Hier tut eine Acrylglas-Scheibe
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ihre Dienste. Wichtig hierbei: diese **muss** UV-durchlässig ist, was besonders bei Scheiben für den Gartenbereich nicht unbedingt
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gegeben ist! Baumarkt-Mitarbeiter konnten da in meinem Fall nicht helfen (ist ja auch eine sehr spezielle Anforderung ;), aber
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dank Internet kann man hier schon mehr ausfindig machen. Manchmal hilft es schon, auf der Webseite des Baumarktes der Wahl nach
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UV-durchlässigen Acrylglasscheiben nachzusehen.
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Diese Scheibe muss zu den LEDs einen gewissen Abstand haben, damit sich das Licht der LEDs gleichmäßig verteilen kann. Hier kann man
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natürlich einen perfekten Abstand ausrechnen - über den Abstrahlwinkel der und den Abstand zwischen den einzelnen LEDs. Ich habe mich
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hier allerdings für die einfachere (und manchmal sehr ungenaue) Pi-mal-Daumen-Methode entschieden - die aber funktioniert hat.
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{{< figure src="collage-plans.png" alt="Dieses Bild zeigt Skizzen für die einzelnen Seiten des Holzkastens" caption="Pläne des Kastens" >}}
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## Die LEDs
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UV-LEDs bekommt man recht einfach im Elektronik-Versand, ich entschied mich für diesen Eigenbau vorerst für 48 LEDs in 6 Reihen mit
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je 8 LEDs auf zwei 160x100mm-Lochrasterplatinen (ja, Streifenraster geht auch und wäre einfacher gewesen :). Da UV-LEDs eine Betriebsspannung
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von etwa 3,0 bis 3,3V haben und ich ein 12V-Netzteil nutzen wollte, braucht man für jede LED einen Widerstand von 470 Ohm, an dem bei 20mA
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etwa 9V abfallen (für die Berechnung von LED-Vorwiderständen gibt es etliche gute Tutorials im Internet!)
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Was die Belichtungszeit betrifft, steht weiter unten im Abschnitt [„Die Praxis - Belichtungszeit“](#exposure-time).
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{{< figure src="led-distribution.png" alt="Links: Skizze über die Verteilung der LEDs, Rechts: Blick von oben auf die LEDs" caption="li.: Skizze über die Verteilung der LEDs; re.: Blick von oben auf die LEDs" >}}
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## Die Lackierung
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Als Lackierung für den Belichterraum bot sich Chrom-Effekt-Lack an. Also, alles bis auf den Belichtungsraum abgeklebt (und naürlich auch
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die LEDs!) und mehrmals, den Angaben auf der Sprühdose entsprechend, lackiert, und über Nacht trocknen lassen.
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{{< figure src="masked_for_painting.jpg" alt="Bild des zur Lackierung abgeklebten Kastens" caption="Kasten ist abgeklebt, gleich wird lackiert!" >}}
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{{< figure src="painted_inside.jpg" alt="Bild des innen fertig lackierten Kastens" caption="Es glänzt!" >}}
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## Die Steuerelektronik
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Hier stand ich vor der Wahl: einen einfachen Schalter verbauen, oder eine komplexere Logik mit Timerfunktion? Die Idee des
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eingebauten Timers wirkte anziehend - endlich mal wieder was Hardwarenahes programmieren. Also: eine Lochrasterplatine (vielleicht die
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letzte jemals?!) mit Raspberry Pi Pico, Relais, Anschluss für ein LCD-Display und einige Steuerelemente bestückt, mit meinen schon vorhandenen
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Libraries ein kleines Interface programmiert und fertig war die Elektronik! Um in das Gehäuse eingebaut zu werden, brauchte es noch eine Blende.
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Alles hierzu findet sich im dazugehörigen [Git-Repository](https://git.privacynerd.de/BlueFox/uv-belichter-software)!
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{{< figure src="controller-on-dividing-wall.jpg" alt="Bild der Steuerplatine" caption="Die Steuerplatine" >}}
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{{< figure src="front-panel.png" alt="Bild der Blende mit LCD-Displays und Steuerelementen im Betrieb" caption="Blende mit LCD-Displays und Steuerelementen im Betrieb" >}}
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## Die Praxis - Belichtungszeit {id=exposure-time}
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Wie schaut's nun also in der Praxis aus - die entscheidende Frage zum Schluss. Ich möchte dazu sagen, dass es sich hier um meine ersten
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Erfahrungen mit der manuellen Platinenherstellung handelt. Ich verwendete eine einfache Blinkschaltung (die auch mein erstes vollständig
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selbst erstelltes Leiterplattendesign war) für die Tests.
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{{< figure src="blinky-test-pcb.png" alt="Seite-zu-Seite-Ansicht des gedruckten Schaltkreises und der Ansicht am Computer mit allen Layern" caption="Das Testobjekt..." >}}
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Also, meine ersten Erfahrungen mit dem selbstgebautem Belichter waren gemischt. Der erste Versuch mit 3 Minuten Belichtungszeit ging
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etwas schief. Konkret sah man auch nach 10-20 Minuten im Entwickler auf Raumtemperatur keine Konturen, und auch nach 20-30 Minuten
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Ätzen passierte nichts. Der zweite Versuch war schon vielversprechender, nach 30 min belichten sah man nach ca. 15 min entwickeln erste Konturen,
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die dann beim Ätzen auch tatsächlich verschwanden. Nach einigen weiteren Versuchen kam ich schließlich auf die Idee, statt mit einer bedruckten
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Folie, mit zwei übereinander gelegten zu arbeiten, wodurch viel weniger Licht durch die bedruckten Flächen kommt. Die Ergebnisse wurden
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schlagartig besser, und nach kurzer Zeit hatte die Leiterplatte zur Funktion des Schaltkreises ausreichende Qualität!
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{{< figure src="first-diy-pcbs.png" alt="Collage der ersten Herstellungsversuche bis zum ersten funktionstüchtigen Exemplar" caption="...und die Ergebnisse" >}}
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Also: Die Belichtungszeit, bei der sich erfolgreiche Ausführungen ergeben, liegt zwischen 40 und 45 Minuten. Das ist zugegebenermaßen eine
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recht lange Zeit, für meine ersten Versuche allerdings ausreichend und wenn man den Preis fertiger Belichter bedenkt (der gut mal in die
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Hunderte gehen kann) mehr als akzeptabel (zusammengerechnet hat der Belichter ca. 30-50€ Materialwert - und der Bau hat viel Spaß
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gemacht!). Für kürzere Belichtungszeiten überlege ich, nachträglich die LED-Anzahl zu erhöhen. Aber das ist eine Geschichte für ein andermal.
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title = 'Self-built UV exposure unit (LED)'
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date = 2025-04-14T08:11:20+02:00
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toc = true
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cover = 'cover.png'
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If you've been around the (electronics) DIY scene for a while, at some point you can't avoid circuit boards (printed circuit boards/PCBs).
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The main advantages over soldering circuits by hand on perforated or strip-grid boards are that they are easier to replicate (once designed
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a circuit can theoretically be produced as often as you like) and that space can be used more efficiently
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(a board is almost always smaller than a soldered perforated grid board with the same circuit). Ultimately,
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devices with circuit boards also simply look more professional. There are certainly more advantages (and of course
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also disadvantages!), but I will not list them here for the sake of simplicity.
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Nowadays, it is very easy to have (self-)created circuit board designs manufactured, with relevant offers
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from China you pay no more than €5 for a simple circuit board with 2 sides. However, the price does not include
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the shipping costs and the time you have to wait for your PCBs. If you are not planning to produce several
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different designs a year, or only need a special circuit board once, you are well served with such offers.
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However, if you often need custom-made products, it can quickly become
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lucrative (even with the Chinese offers) to bring the production in-house. At the end of the day, it's fun and at least
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gives you the feeling of a little independence to make your own circuit boards!
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So after dreaming of making my own circuit boards for some time, I have now gone one step further in the realization.
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There are various ways to produce printed circuit boards yourself. The cheapest method is probably
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exposing a blank PCB with a photopositive coating and then developing and
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finally etching the exposed areas. Building the etching device myself seemed too tricky, so I decided
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to buy a used [Ätzgerät 1 from pro-ma](https://gie-tec.de/produkt/aetzgeraete-fuer-platinen/), which was very cheap at €50.
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But what you can certainly build yourself is the **UV exposure unit**. There are different approaches here, I just want to
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share mine here (see e.g. [here](https://www.all4hardware4u.de/platinenherstellung/belichtung/belichtungsgeraet-mit-uv-leds/)
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or also [here](http://www.fdm-ware.de/UV-Led/) for the models where I found inspiration)!
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So enough of the introduction, here's the really important stuff!
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## The housing
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For the housing, I built a simple box from MDF boards with an additional small section at the front, where the control electronics will be located later.
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{{< figure src="housing-raw-finished.jpg" alt="This picture would show the finished housing with acrylic glass pane and some loose components." caption="The finished housing with acrylic glass pane" >}}
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In order for the UV light to reach the coated circuit board, the holder must be transparent. An acrylic glass pane
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does the job here. Important here: this **must** be UV-permeable, which is not necessarily the case with panes for the garden area! DIY store staff were unable to help in my case (it's a very specific requirement ;), but thanks to the internet you can find out more here. Sometimes it helps to look on the website of the DIY store of your choice for UV-permeable acrylic glass panes.
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This pane must have a certain distance to the LEDs so that the light from the LEDs can be distributed evenly. You can of course calculate a perfect distance at - using the beam angle of the LEDs and the distance between the individual LEDs. However, I decided to use the simpler (and sometimes very inaccurate) rule of thumb here - but it worked.
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{{< figure src="collage-plans.png" alt="This picture shows sketches for the individual sides of the wooden box" caption="Sketches of the box" >}}
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## The LEDs
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UV LEDs are quite easy to obtain from electronics suppliers. For this DIY project, I decided to use 48 LEDs in 6 rows of 8 LEDs each on two 160x100mm perforated grid boards (yes, a strip grid is also possible and would have been easier :). Since UV LEDs have an operating voltage of about 3.0 to 3.3V and I wanted to use a 12V power supply, you need a resistor of 470 Ohm for each LED, which drops about 9V at 20mA (there are several good tutorials on the Internet for calculating LED series resistors).
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As far as the exposure time is concerned, see below in the section [“The practical part - Exposure time”](#exposure-time).
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{{< figure src="led-distribution.png" alt="Links: Sketch of the distribution of the LEDs, right: view of the LEDs from above" caption="left: Sketch of the distribution of the LEDs; right: view of the LEDs from above" >}}
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## The lacquering
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Chrome-effect paint was the paint of choice for the exposure area. So, I masked everything except for the exposure area (and of course
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the LEDs!) and painted it several times according to the instructions on the spray can and left it to dry overnight.
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{{< figure src="masked_for_painting.jpg" alt="Picture of the box masked for painting" caption="Box is masked, about to be painted!" >}}
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{{< figure src="painted_inside.jpg" alt="Picture of the inside of the painted box" caption="It's shiny!" >}}
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## The control unit
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Here I was faced with a choice: install a simple switch or a more complex logic with a timer function? The idea of the built-in timer seemed appealing - finally programming something hardware-related again. So I assembled a breadboard (perhaps the last one ever?!) with a Raspberry Pi Pico, relays, a connection for an LCD display and some control elements, programmed a small interface with my existing libraries and the electronics were ready! To be installed in the housing, it still needed a cover. All the necessary information can be found in the corresponding [git repository](https://git.privacynerd.de/BlueFox/uv-belichter-software)!
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{{< figure src="controller-on-dividing-wall.jpg" alt="Picture of the control unit" caption="The control unit" >}}
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{{< figure src="front-panel.png" alt="Image of the front panel with the LCD and control elements in operation" caption="Front panel with LCD and control elements in operation" >}}
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## The practical part - Exposure time {id=exposure-time}
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So what does it look like in practice - the crucial question at the end. I would like to say that this is my first experience with manual PCB production. I used a simple blinky circuit (which was also my first completely self-made PCB design) for the tests.
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{{< figure src="blinky-test-pcb.png" alt="Side-by-side view of the printed circuit and the view on the computer with all layers" caption="The test object..." >}}
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So, my first experiences with the self-built exposure unit were mixed. The first attempt with 3 minutes exposure time went somewhat wrong. Specifically, no contours were visible even after 10-20 minutes in the developer at room temperature, and nothing happened even after 20-30 minutes etching. The second attempt was more promising, after 30 minutes of exposure the first contours could be seen after about 15 minutes of development, which actually disappeared during etching. After a few more attempts, I finally came up with the idea of working with two overlapping films instead of one, which meant that much less light came through the printed areas. The results were suddenly improving, and after a short time the circuit board was of sufficient quality for the circuit to function!
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{{< figure src="first-diy-pcbs.png" alt="Collage of the first manufacturing attempts up to the first functional PCB" caption="...and the results" >}}
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So: The exposure time for successful results is between 40 and 45 minutes. Admittedly, that's quite a long time, but it's sufficient for my first attempts and more than acceptable considering the price of a finished exposure unit (which can easily run into the hundreds) (the exposure unit costs around €30-50 in total - and building it was a lot of fun!). For shorter exposure times, I am considering increasing the number of LEDs afterwards. But that's a story for another time.
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<article class="post on-list">
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<h2 class="post-title">
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">UV-Belichter (LED) aus Marke Eigenbau</a>
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</h2>
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<div class="post-meta"><time class="post-date">2025-04-14</time></div>
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<img src="https://blog.privacynerd.de/cover.png"
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class="post-cover"
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alt="UV-Belichter (LED) aus Marke Eigenbau"
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title="Cover Image" />
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<div class="post-content">
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<p>Ist man eine gewisse Zeit lang in der (Elektronik-)DIY-Szene unterwegs, kommt man irgendwann
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auch um Platinen (gedruckte Leiterplatten/PCBs) nicht herum. Vorteile gegenüber dem manuellen Löten von
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||||||
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Schaltungen auf Loch- bzw. Streifenrasterplatinen sind vor allem die einfachere Replizierbarkeit (einmal designed
|
||||||
|
kann man eine Schaltung theoretisch beliebig oft herstellen) und die Möglichkeit, Platz effizienter zu
|
||||||
|
nutzen (eine Platine ist fast immer kleiner als eine gelötete Lochrasterplatine mit der selben Schaltung). Letzendlich
|
||||||
|
wirken Geräte mit Platinen aber auch schlicht professioneller. Sicherlich gibt es noch mehr Vorteile (und natürlich
|
||||||
|
auch Nachteile!), auf deren Auflistung ich hier allerdings aus Gründen der Einfachheit verzichte.</p>
|
||||||
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|
||||||
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<a class="read-more button inline" href="/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">[Mehr lesen]</a>
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/how-it-all-began/">Wie es alles anfing - oder: der erste Post!</a>
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/how-it-all-began/">Wie es alles anfing - oder: der erste Post!</a>
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<title>UV-Belichter (LED) aus Marke Eigenbau</title>
|
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|
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<pubDate>Mon, 14 Apr 2025 08:11:20 +0200</pubDate>
|
||||||
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<guid>https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/</guid>
|
||||||
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<description><p>Ist man eine gewisse Zeit lang in der (Elektronik-)DIY-Szene unterwegs, kommt man irgendwann
auch um Platinen (gedruckte Leiterplatten/PCBs) nicht herum. Vorteile gegenüber dem manuellen Löten von
Schaltungen auf Loch- bzw. Streifenrasterplatinen sind vor allem die einfachere Replizierbarkeit (einmal designed
kann man eine Schaltung theoretisch beliebig oft herstellen) und die Möglichkeit, Platz effizienter zu
nutzen (eine Platine ist fast immer kleiner als eine gelötete Lochrasterplatine mit der selben Schaltung). Letzendlich
wirken Geräte mit Platinen aber auch schlicht professioneller. Sicherlich gibt es noch mehr Vorteile (und natürlich
auch Nachteile!), auf deren Auflistung ich hier allerdings aus Gründen der Einfachheit verzichte.</p></description>
|
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|
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<link>https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/how-it-all-began/</link>
|
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||||||
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">UV-Belichter (LED) aus Marke Eigenbau</a>
|
||||||
|
</h1>
|
||||||
|
<div class="post-meta"><time class="post-date">2025-04-14</time><span class="post-reading-time">10 Minuten Lesezeit (1009 Wörter)</span></div>
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|
||||||
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<ul>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#das-gehäuse">Das Gehäuse</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#die-leds">Die LEDs</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#die-lackierung">Die Lackierung</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#die-steuerelektronik">Die Steuerelektronik</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#exposure-time">Die Praxis - Belichtungszeit</a></li>
|
||||||
|
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|
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|
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<div class="post-content"><div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Ist man eine gewisse Zeit lang in der (Elektronik-)DIY-Szene unterwegs, kommt man irgendwann
|
||||||
|
auch um Platinen (gedruckte Leiterplatten/PCBs) nicht herum. Vorteile gegenüber dem manuellen Löten von
|
||||||
|
Schaltungen auf Loch- bzw. Streifenrasterplatinen sind vor allem die einfachere Replizierbarkeit (einmal designed
|
||||||
|
kann man eine Schaltung theoretisch beliebig oft herstellen) und die Möglichkeit, Platz effizienter zu
|
||||||
|
nutzen (eine Platine ist fast immer kleiner als eine gelötete Lochrasterplatine mit der selben Schaltung). Letzendlich
|
||||||
|
wirken Geräte mit Platinen aber auch schlicht professioneller. Sicherlich gibt es noch mehr Vorteile (und natürlich
|
||||||
|
auch Nachteile!), auf deren Auflistung ich hier allerdings aus Gründen der Einfachheit verzichte.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Heutzutage kann man (selbst) kreierte Leiterplattendesigns sehr leicht herstellen lassen, bei einschlägigen Angeboten
|
||||||
|
aus China zahlt man für eine einfache Platine mit 2 Seiten nicht mehr als 5€. Im Preis allerdings nicht mit inbegriffen
|
||||||
|
sind die Versandkosten und die Wartezeit, in der man auf seine Platinen warten muss. Wenn man nicht vorhat, mehrere
|
||||||
|
verschiedene Designs im Jahr anzufertigen, oder nur einmalig eine spezielle Platine braucht, ist mit solchen Angeboten gut
|
||||||
|
bedient. Braucht man allerdings des öfteren Spezialanfertigungen, kann es (auch bei den chinesischen Angeboten) schnell
|
||||||
|
lukrativ erscheinen, sich die Fertigung ins Haus zu holen. Letztlich macht es auch einfach Spaß und gibt einem zumindest
|
||||||
|
das Gefühl von ein wenig Unabhängigkeit, seine Platinen selbst herzustellen!</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Nachdem ich also schon länger von eigens hergestellten Platinen träumte, bin ich nun einen Schritt weiter in die Umsetzung
|
||||||
|
gegangen. Es gibt verschiedene Möglichkeiten, Leiterplatten selbst herzustellen. Die günstigste Methode ist hierbei
|
||||||
|
vermutlich das Belichten eines Platinenrohlings mit photopositiver Beschichtung, und das anschließende Entwickeln und
|
||||||
|
schließlich Ätzen der belichteten Stellen. Das Gerät zum Ätzen selbst zu bauen erschien mir zu heikel, hier entschied ich
|
||||||
|
mich vorerst für ein gebrauchtes <a href="https://gie-tec.de/produkt/aetzgeraete-fuer-platinen/">Ätzgerät 1 von pro-ma</a>, was mit 50€ sehr günstig war. Was man aber sicher selbst
|
||||||
|
bauen kann, ist der <strong>UV-Belichter</strong>. Hier gibt es verschiedene Ansätze, ich möchte hier einfach meinen teilen (siehe z.B.
|
||||||
|
<a href="https://www.all4hardware4u.de/platinenherstellung/belichtung/belichtungsgeraet-mit-uv-leds/">hier</a> oder auch <a href="http://www.fdm-ware.de/UV-Led/">hier</a> für die Modelle, bei denen ich Inspiration gefunden habe)!</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Jetzt also genug der Vorrede, es folgt das wirklich Wichtige!</p>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="das-gehäuse">Das Gehäuse<a href="#das-gehäuse" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Als Gehäuse habe ich einen einfachen Quader aus MDF-Platten mit einem zusätzlichen kleinen Abschnitt vorne gebaut, in dem die
|
||||||
|
Steuerelektronik ihren Platz später finden soll.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/housing-raw-finished.jpg"
|
||||||
|
alt="Dieses Bild würde das fertige Gehäuse mit Acrylglasscheibe und einigen losen Bauteilen zeigen."><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Das fertige Gehäuse mit Acrlyglas-Scheibe</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>Damit das UV-Licht an die beschichtete Platine kommen kann, muss die Halterung Transparent sein. Hier tut eine Acrylglas-Scheibe
|
||||||
|
ihre Dienste. Wichtig hierbei: diese <strong>muss</strong> UV-durchlässig ist, was besonders bei Scheiben für den Gartenbereich nicht unbedingt
|
||||||
|
gegeben ist! Baumarkt-Mitarbeiter konnten da in meinem Fall nicht helfen (ist ja auch eine sehr spezielle Anforderung ;), aber
|
||||||
|
dank Internet kann man hier schon mehr ausfindig machen. Manchmal hilft es schon, auf der Webseite des Baumarktes der Wahl nach
|
||||||
|
UV-durchlässigen Acrylglasscheiben nachzusehen.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Diese Scheibe muss zu den LEDs einen gewissen Abstand haben, damit sich das Licht der LEDs gleichmäßig verteilen kann. Hier kann man
|
||||||
|
natürlich einen perfekten Abstand ausrechnen - über den Abstrahlwinkel der und den Abstand zwischen den einzelnen LEDs. Ich habe mich
|
||||||
|
hier allerdings für die einfachere (und manchmal sehr ungenaue) Pi-mal-Daumen-Methode entschieden - die aber funktioniert hat.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/collage-plans.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Dieses Bild zeigt Skizzen für die einzelnen Seiten des Holzkastens"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Pläne des Kastens</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="die-leds">Die LEDs<a href="#die-leds" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>UV-LEDs bekommt man recht einfach im Elektronik-Versand, ich entschied mich für diesen Eigenbau vorerst für 48 LEDs in 6 Reihen mit
|
||||||
|
je 8 LEDs auf zwei 160x100mm-Lochrasterplatinen (ja, Streifenraster geht auch und wäre einfacher gewesen :). Da UV-LEDs eine Betriebsspannung
|
||||||
|
von etwa 3,0 bis 3,3V haben und ich ein 12V-Netzteil nutzen wollte, braucht man für jede LED einen Widerstand von 470 Ohm, an dem bei 20mA
|
||||||
|
etwa 9V abfallen (für die Berechnung von LED-Vorwiderständen gibt es etliche gute Tutorials im Internet!)</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Was die Belichtungszeit betrifft, steht weiter unten im Abschnitt <a href="/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/#exposure-time">„Die Praxis - Belichtungszeit“</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/led-distribution.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Links: Skizze über die Verteilung der LEDs, Rechts: Blick von oben auf die LEDs"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>li.: Skizze über die Verteilung der LEDs; re.: Blick von oben auf die LEDs</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="die-lackierung">Die Lackierung<a href="#die-lackierung" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Als Lackierung für den Belichterraum bot sich Chrom-Effekt-Lack an. Also, alles bis auf den Belichtungsraum abgeklebt (und naürlich auch
|
||||||
|
die LEDs!) und mehrmals, den Angaben auf der Sprühdose entsprechend, lackiert, und über Nacht trocknen lassen.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/masked_for_painting.jpg"
|
||||||
|
alt="Bild des zur Lackierung abgeklebten Kastens"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Kasten ist abgeklebt, gleich wird lackiert!</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/painted_inside.jpg"
|
||||||
|
alt="Bild des innen fertig lackierten Kastens"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Es glänzt!</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="die-steuerelektronik">Die Steuerelektronik<a href="#die-steuerelektronik" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Hier stand ich vor der Wahl: einen einfachen Schalter verbauen, oder eine komplexere Logik mit Timerfunktion? Die Idee des
|
||||||
|
eingebauten Timers wirkte anziehend - endlich mal wieder was Hardwarenahes programmieren. Also: eine Lochrasterplatine (vielleicht die
|
||||||
|
letzte jemals?!) mit Raspberry Pi Pico, Relais, Anschluss für ein LCD-Display und einige Steuerelemente bestückt, mit meinen schon vorhandenen
|
||||||
|
Libraries ein kleines Interface programmiert und fertig war die Elektronik! Um in das Gehäuse eingebaut zu werden, brauchte es noch eine Blende.
|
||||||
|
Alles hierzu findet sich im dazugehörigen <a href="https://git.privacynerd.de/BlueFox/uv-belichter-software">Git-Repository</a>!</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/controller-on-dividing-wall.jpg"
|
||||||
|
alt="Bild der Steuerplatine"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Die Steuerplatine</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/front-panel.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Bild der Blende mit LCD-Displays und Steuerelementen im Betrieb"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Blende mit LCD-Displays und Steuerelementen im Betrieb</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="exposure-time">Die Praxis - Belichtungszeit<a href="#exposure-time" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Wie schaut’s nun also in der Praxis aus - die entscheidende Frage zum Schluss. Ich möchte dazu sagen, dass es sich hier um meine ersten
|
||||||
|
Erfahrungen mit der manuellen Platinenherstellung handelt. Ich verwendete eine einfache Blinkschaltung (die auch mein erstes vollständig
|
||||||
|
selbst erstelltes Leiterplattendesign war) für die Tests.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/blinky-test-pcb.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Seite-zu-Seite-Ansicht des gedruckten Schaltkreises und der Ansicht am Computer mit allen Layern"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Das Testobjekt…</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>Also, meine ersten Erfahrungen mit dem selbstgebautem Belichter waren gemischt. Der erste Versuch mit 3 Minuten Belichtungszeit ging
|
||||||
|
etwas schief. Konkret sah man auch nach 10-20 Minuten im Entwickler auf Raumtemperatur keine Konturen, und auch nach 20-30 Minuten
|
||||||
|
Ätzen passierte nichts. Der zweite Versuch war schon vielversprechender, nach 30 min belichten sah man nach ca. 15 min entwickeln erste Konturen,
|
||||||
|
die dann beim Ätzen auch tatsächlich verschwanden. Nach einigen weiteren Versuchen kam ich schließlich auf die Idee, statt mit einer bedruckten
|
||||||
|
Folie, mit zwei übereinander gelegten zu arbeiten, wodurch viel weniger Licht durch die bedruckten Flächen kommt. Die Ergebnisse wurden
|
||||||
|
schlagartig besser, und nach kurzer Zeit hatte die Leiterplatte zur Funktion des Schaltkreises ausreichende Qualität!</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/first-diy-pcbs.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Collage der ersten Herstellungsversuche bis zum ersten funktionstüchtigen Exemplar"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>…und die Ergebnisse</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>Also: Die Belichtungszeit, bei der sich erfolgreiche Ausführungen ergeben, liegt zwischen 40 und 45 Minuten. Das ist zugegebenermaßen eine
|
||||||
|
recht lange Zeit, für meine ersten Versuche allerdings ausreichend und wenn man den Preis fertiger Belichter bedenkt (der gut mal in die
|
||||||
|
Hunderte gehen kann) mehr als akzeptabel (zusammengerechnet hat der Belichter ca. 30-50€ Materialwert - und der Bau hat viel Spaß
|
||||||
|
gemacht!). Für kürzere Belichtungszeiten überlege ich, nachträglich die LED-Anzahl zu erhöhen. Aber das ist eine Geschichte für ein andermal.</p>
|
||||||
|
|
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@ -390,6 +390,22 @@ Wie alles anfing Alles begann damit, dass ich als Schüler der 5. oder 6. Klasse
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< [<span class="button__text">UV-Belichter (LED) aus Marke Eigenbau</span>]
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@ -242,6 +242,40 @@
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<h2 class="post-title">
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">UV-Belichter (LED) aus Marke Eigenbau</a>
|
||||||
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</h2>
|
||||||
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<div class="post-meta"><time class="post-date">2025-04-14</time></div>
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|
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|
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<div class="post-content">
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|
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<p>Ist man eine gewisse Zeit lang in der (Elektronik-)DIY-Szene unterwegs, kommt man irgendwann
|
||||||
|
auch um Platinen (gedruckte Leiterplatten/PCBs) nicht herum. Vorteile gegenüber dem manuellen Löten von
|
||||||
|
Schaltungen auf Loch- bzw. Streifenrasterplatinen sind vor allem die einfachere Replizierbarkeit (einmal designed
|
||||||
|
kann man eine Schaltung theoretisch beliebig oft herstellen) und die Möglichkeit, Platz effizienter zu
|
||||||
|
nutzen (eine Platine ist fast immer kleiner als eine gelötete Lochrasterplatine mit der selben Schaltung). Letzendlich
|
||||||
|
wirken Geräte mit Platinen aber auch schlicht professioneller. Sicherlich gibt es noch mehr Vorteile (und natürlich
|
||||||
|
auch Nachteile!), auf deren Auflistung ich hier allerdings aus Gründen der Einfachheit verzichte.</p>
|
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<a class="read-more button inline" href="/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">[Mehr lesen]</a>
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/how-it-all-began/">Wie es alles anfing - oder: der erste Post!</a>
|
<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/how-it-all-began/">Wie es alles anfing - oder: der erste Post!</a>
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@ -6,8 +6,15 @@
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<description>Recent content in Posts on Privacynerd's blog</description>
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<description>Recent content in Posts on Privacynerd's blog</description>
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<title>UV-Belichter (LED) aus Marke Eigenbau</title>
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<link>https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/</link>
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<pubDate>Mon, 14 Apr 2025 08:11:20 +0200</pubDate>
|
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<guid>https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/</guid>
|
||||||
|
<description><p>Ist man eine gewisse Zeit lang in der (Elektronik-)DIY-Szene unterwegs, kommt man irgendwann
auch um Platinen (gedruckte Leiterplatten/PCBs) nicht herum. Vorteile gegenüber dem manuellen Löten von
Schaltungen auf Loch- bzw. Streifenrasterplatinen sind vor allem die einfachere Replizierbarkeit (einmal designed
kann man eine Schaltung theoretisch beliebig oft herstellen) und die Möglichkeit, Platz effizienter zu
nutzen (eine Platine ist fast immer kleiner als eine gelötete Lochrasterplatine mit der selben Schaltung). Letzendlich
wirken Geräte mit Platinen aber auch schlicht professioneller. Sicherlich gibt es noch mehr Vorteile (und natürlich
auch Nachteile!), auf deren Auflistung ich hier allerdings aus Gründen der Einfachheit verzichte.</p></description>
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">Self-built UV exposure unit (LED)</a>
|
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<div class="post-meta"><time class="post-date">2025-04-14</time></div>
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<p>If you’ve been around the (electronics) DIY scene for a while, at some point you can’t avoid circuit boards (printed circuit boards/PCBs).
|
||||||
|
The main advantages over soldering circuits by hand on perforated or strip-grid boards are that they are easier to replicate (once designed
|
||||||
|
a circuit can theoretically be produced as often as you like) and that space can be used more efficiently
|
||||||
|
(a board is almost always smaller than a soldered perforated grid board with the same circuit). Ultimately,
|
||||||
|
devices with circuit boards also simply look more professional. There are certainly more advantages (and of course
|
||||||
|
also disadvantages!), but I will not list them here for the sake of simplicity.</p>
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/">How everything began - or: the first post!</a>
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/">How everything began - or: the first post!</a>
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<description><p>If you&rsquo;ve been around the (electronics) DIY scene for a while, at some point you can&rsquo;t avoid circuit boards (printed circuit boards/PCBs).
The main advantages over soldering circuits by hand on perforated or strip-grid boards are that they are easier to replicate (once designed
a circuit can theoretically be produced as often as you like) and that space can be used more efficiently
(a board is almost always smaller than a soldered perforated grid board with the same circuit). Ultimately,
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">Self-built UV exposure unit (LED)</a>
|
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</h1>
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<div class="post-meta"><time class="post-date">2025-04-14</time><span class="post-reading-time">11 minutes to read (1122 words)</span></div>
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<img src="https://blog.privacynerd.de/cover.png"
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class="post-cover"
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alt="Self-built UV exposure unit (LED)"
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title="Cover Image" />
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Table of Contents
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<nav id="TableOfContents">
|
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<ul>
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||||||
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<li><a href="#the-housing">The housing</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#the-leds">The LEDs</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#the-lacquering">The lacquering</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#the-control-unit">The control unit</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="#exposure-time">The practical part - Exposure time</a></li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="post-content"><div>
|
||||||
|
<p>If you’ve been around the (electronics) DIY scene for a while, at some point you can’t avoid circuit boards (printed circuit boards/PCBs).
|
||||||
|
The main advantages over soldering circuits by hand on perforated or strip-grid boards are that they are easier to replicate (once designed
|
||||||
|
a circuit can theoretically be produced as often as you like) and that space can be used more efficiently
|
||||||
|
(a board is almost always smaller than a soldered perforated grid board with the same circuit). Ultimately,
|
||||||
|
devices with circuit boards also simply look more professional. There are certainly more advantages (and of course
|
||||||
|
also disadvantages!), but I will not list them here for the sake of simplicity.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Nowadays, it is very easy to have (self-)created circuit board designs manufactured, with relevant offers
|
||||||
|
from China you pay no more than €5 for a simple circuit board with 2 sides. However, the price does not include
|
||||||
|
the shipping costs and the time you have to wait for your PCBs. If you are not planning to produce several
|
||||||
|
different designs a year, or only need a special circuit board once, you are well served with such offers.
|
||||||
|
However, if you often need custom-made products, it can quickly become
|
||||||
|
lucrative (even with the Chinese offers) to bring the production in-house. At the end of the day, it’s fun and at least
|
||||||
|
gives you the feeling of a little independence to make your own circuit boards!</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>So after dreaming of making my own circuit boards for some time, I have now gone one step further in the realization.
|
||||||
|
There are various ways to produce printed circuit boards yourself. The cheapest method is probably
|
||||||
|
exposing a blank PCB with a photopositive coating and then developing and
|
||||||
|
finally etching the exposed areas. Building the etching device myself seemed too tricky, so I decided
|
||||||
|
to buy a used <a href="https://gie-tec.de/produkt/aetzgeraete-fuer-platinen/">Ätzgerät 1 from pro-ma</a>, which was very cheap at €50.
|
||||||
|
But what you can certainly build yourself is the <strong>UV exposure unit</strong>. There are different approaches here, I just want to
|
||||||
|
share mine here (see e.g. <a href="https://www.all4hardware4u.de/platinenherstellung/belichtung/belichtungsgeraet-mit-uv-leds/">here</a>
|
||||||
|
or also <a href="http://www.fdm-ware.de/UV-Led/">here</a> for the models where I found inspiration)!</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>So enough of the introduction, here’s the really important stuff!</p>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="the-housing">The housing<a href="#the-housing" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>For the housing, I built a simple box from MDF boards with an additional small section at the front, where the control electronics will be located later.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/housing-raw-finished.jpg"
|
||||||
|
alt="This picture would show the finished housing with acrylic glass pane and some loose components."><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>The finished housing with acrylic glass pane</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>In order for the UV light to reach the coated circuit board, the holder must be transparent. An acrylic glass pane
|
||||||
|
does the job here. Important here: this <strong>must</strong> be UV-permeable, which is not necessarily the case with panes for the garden area! DIY store staff were unable to help in my case (it’s a very specific requirement ;), but thanks to the internet you can find out more here. Sometimes it helps to look on the website of the DIY store of your choice for UV-permeable acrylic glass panes.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>This pane must have a certain distance to the LEDs so that the light from the LEDs can be distributed evenly. You can of course calculate a perfect distance at - using the beam angle of the LEDs and the distance between the individual LEDs. However, I decided to use the simpler (and sometimes very inaccurate) rule of thumb here - but it worked.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/collage-plans.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="This picture shows sketches for the individual sides of the wooden box"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Sketches of the box</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="the-leds">The LEDs<a href="#the-leds" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>UV LEDs are quite easy to obtain from electronics suppliers. For this DIY project, I decided to use 48 LEDs in 6 rows of 8 LEDs each on two 160x100mm perforated grid boards (yes, a strip grid is also possible and would have been easier :). Since UV LEDs have an operating voltage of about 3.0 to 3.3V and I wanted to use a 12V power supply, you need a resistor of 470 Ohm for each LED, which drops about 9V at 20mA (there are several good tutorials on the Internet for calculating LED series resistors).</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>As far as the exposure time is concerned, see below in the section <a href="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/#exposure-time">“The practical part - Exposure time”</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/led-distribution.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Links: Sketch of the distribution of the LEDs, right: view of the LEDs from above"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>left: Sketch of the distribution of the LEDs; right: view of the LEDs from above</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="the-lacquering">The lacquering<a href="#the-lacquering" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Chrome-effect paint was the paint of choice for the exposure area. So, I masked everything except for the exposure area (and of course
|
||||||
|
the LEDs!) and painted it several times according to the instructions on the spray can and left it to dry overnight.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/masked_for_painting.jpg"
|
||||||
|
alt="Picture of the box masked for painting"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Box is masked, about to be painted!</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/painted_inside.jpg"
|
||||||
|
alt="Picture of the inside of the painted box"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>It’s shiny!</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="the-control-unit">The control unit<a href="#the-control-unit" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Here I was faced with a choice: install a simple switch or a more complex logic with a timer function? The idea of the built-in timer seemed appealing - finally programming something hardware-related again. So I assembled a breadboard (perhaps the last one ever?!) with a Raspberry Pi Pico, relays, a connection for an LCD display and some control elements, programmed a small interface with my existing libraries and the electronics were ready! To be installed in the housing, it still needed a cover. All the necessary information can be found in the corresponding <a href="https://git.privacynerd.de/BlueFox/uv-belichter-software">git repository</a>!</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/controller-on-dividing-wall.jpg"
|
||||||
|
alt="Picture of the control unit"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>The control unit</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/front-panel.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Image of the front panel with the LCD and control elements in operation"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>Front panel with LCD and control elements in operation</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="exposure-time">The practical part - Exposure time<a href="#exposure-time" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a> </h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>So what does it look like in practice - the crucial question at the end. I would like to say that this is my first experience with manual PCB production. I used a simple blinky circuit (which was also my first completely self-made PCB design) for the tests.</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/blinky-test-pcb.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Side-by-side view of the printed circuit and the view on the computer with all layers"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>The test object…</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>So, my first experiences with the self-built exposure unit were mixed. The first attempt with 3 minutes exposure time went somewhat wrong. Specifically, no contours were visible even after 10-20 minutes in the developer at room temperature, and nothing happened even after 20-30 minutes etching. The second attempt was more promising, after 30 minutes of exposure the first contours could be seen after about 15 minutes of development, which actually disappeared during etching. After a few more attempts, I finally came up with the idea of working with two overlapping films instead of one, which meant that much less light came through the printed areas. The results were suddenly improving, and after a short time the circuit board was of sufficient quality for the circuit to function!</p>
|
||||||
|
<figure><img src="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/first-diy-pcbs.png"
|
||||||
|
alt="Collage of the first manufacturing attempts up to the first functional PCB"><figcaption>
|
||||||
|
<p>…and the results</p>
|
||||||
|
</figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</figure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>So: The exposure time for successful results is between 40 and 45 minutes. Admittedly, that’s quite a long time, but it’s sufficient for my first attempts and more than acceptable considering the price of a finished exposure unit (which can easily run into the hundreds) (the exposure unit costs around €30-50 in total - and building it was a lot of fun!). For shorter exposure times, I am considering increasing the number of LEDs afterwards. But that’s a story for another time.</p>
|
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">Self-built UV exposure unit (LED)</a>
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</h2>
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<div class="post-meta"><time class="post-date">2025-04-14</time></div>
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title="Cover Image" />
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<div class="post-content">
|
||||||
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|
||||||
|
<p>If you’ve been around the (electronics) DIY scene for a while, at some point you can’t avoid circuit boards (printed circuit boards/PCBs).
|
||||||
|
The main advantages over soldering circuits by hand on perforated or strip-grid boards are that they are easier to replicate (once designed
|
||||||
|
a circuit can theoretically be produced as often as you like) and that space can be used more efficiently
|
||||||
|
(a board is almost always smaller than a soldered perforated grid board with the same circuit). Ultimately,
|
||||||
|
devices with circuit boards also simply look more professional. There are certainly more advantages (and of course
|
||||||
|
also disadvantages!), but I will not list them here for the sake of simplicity.</p>
|
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<a class="read-more button inline" href="/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/">[Read more]</a>
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<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/">How everything began - or: the first post!</a>
|
<a href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/">How everything began - or: the first post!</a>
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||||||
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<description>Recent content in Posts on Privacynerd's blog</description>
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<title>Self-built UV exposure unit (LED)</title>
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<pubDate>Mon, 14 Apr 2025 08:11:20 +0200</pubDate>
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<guid>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/</guid>
|
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<description><p>If you&rsquo;ve been around the (electronics) DIY scene for a while, at some point you can&rsquo;t avoid circuit boards (printed circuit boards/PCBs).
The main advantages over soldering circuits by hand on perforated or strip-grid boards are that they are easier to replicate (once designed
a circuit can theoretically be produced as often as you like) and that space can be used more efficiently
(a board is almost always smaller than a soldered perforated grid board with the same circuit). Ultimately,
devices with circuit boards also simply look more professional. There are certainly more advantages (and of course
also disadvantages!), but I will not list them here for the sake of simplicity.</p></description>
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<item>
|
||||||
<title>How everything began - or: the first post!</title>
|
<title>How everything began - or: the first post!</title>
|
||||||
<link>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/</link>
|
<link>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/</link>
|
||||||
|
@ -2,6 +2,32 @@
|
|||||||
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"
|
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"
|
||||||
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
|
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
|
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/</loc>
|
||||||
|
<lastmod>2025-04-14T08:11:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
||||||
|
<xhtml:link
|
||||||
|
rel="alternate"
|
||||||
|
hreflang="de"
|
||||||
|
href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<xhtml:link
|
||||||
|
rel="alternate"
|
||||||
|
hreflang="en"
|
||||||
|
href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
</url><url>
|
||||||
|
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/</loc>
|
||||||
|
<lastmod>2025-04-14T08:11:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
||||||
|
<xhtml:link
|
||||||
|
rel="alternate"
|
||||||
|
hreflang="de"
|
||||||
|
href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<xhtml:link
|
||||||
|
rel="alternate"
|
||||||
|
hreflang="en"
|
||||||
|
href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/diy-uv-pcb-exposure-unit/"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
</url><url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/</loc>
|
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2025-04-13T15:10:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2025-04-13T15:10:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
||||||
<xhtml:link
|
<xhtml:link
|
||||||
@ -14,19 +40,6 @@
|
|||||||
hreflang="en"
|
hreflang="en"
|
||||||
href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/"
|
href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/how-it-all-began/"
|
||||||
/>
|
/>
|
||||||
</url><url>
|
|
||||||
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/</loc>
|
|
||||||
<lastmod>2025-04-13T15:10:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
|
||||||
<xhtml:link
|
|
||||||
rel="alternate"
|
|
||||||
hreflang="de"
|
|
||||||
href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/posts/"
|
|
||||||
/>
|
|
||||||
<xhtml:link
|
|
||||||
rel="alternate"
|
|
||||||
hreflang="en"
|
|
||||||
href="https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/posts/"
|
|
||||||
/>
|
|
||||||
</url><url>
|
</url><url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/about/</loc>
|
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/about/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2025-04-13T13:02:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2025-04-13T13:02:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
||||||
|
@ -4,14 +4,14 @@
|
|||||||
<sitemap>
|
<sitemap>
|
||||||
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/sitemap.xml</loc>
|
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/en/sitemap.xml</loc>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<lastmod>2025-04-13T15:10:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2025-04-14T08:11:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</sitemap>
|
</sitemap>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<sitemap>
|
<sitemap>
|
||||||
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/sitemap.xml</loc>
|
<loc>https://blog.privacynerd.de/de/sitemap.xml</loc>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<lastmod>2025-04-13T15:10:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2025-04-14T08:11:20+02:00</lastmod>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</sitemap>
|
</sitemap>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|